1) Agarwood is a resinous wood substance that is produced by the tree as a nonspecific host response to wounding or artificial inoculation. The resin contains tree extractives that have aromatic terpenes present. Aquilaria trees is unique as it can produce sesquiterpenes from naturally occuring resin which is very valuable, high quality and highly priced in the world.
To produce the agarwood for commercial used, a new invention which can stimulate the production of resin in the trees can be used. By using this new invention, the resinous wood substance in the trees can be produced in a short time, 1 - 4 years only.
The tree that is used for this new invention should be 3 years above, more preferably 3 ½ - 6 years with the minimum perimeter of 40 cm. These trees could be from a tree grown in a home garden, in a plantation, nature growth or in agricultural lands.
2) Aquilaria has a unique anatomy. Unlike most trees that produce phloem cells external to the xylem (growing out from the circumference of the cambium), Aquilaria produces bundles of phloem cells throughout the xylem as well as in a layer external to the xylem. This means that the xylem (consisting of vessels, fibers and parenchyma cells) also contains groups of phloem cells called interxlyary phloem or included phloem of the diffuse type. When trees are wounded they respond by forming newly produced cells. Most trees close wounds by producing new cells at the edge of the wounded cambium. Aquilaria trees close wound from inside the xylem as well as externally.
The present invention provides a method of producing agarwood by forming an artificial wound into the xylem in an agarwood trees. Various mechanical injury method were tested and was proof to induce formation of the discoloration ring, mostly around the injury sites. Anyway, by using this method, it took about 10 years to get high density of agarwood or high grade gaharu.
So, in order to maximize agarwood production, the latest technology has been invented to accelerate the production of resin in the tree not only in the old trees but also in young cultivated Aquilaria trees. The new invention for producing agarwood called Allergic Stress Strain Technology . The first research location in Kelantan is handled by Gaharu Nano Tech Marketing.
The method involves applying a resin-inducing agent to cells surrounding the wound. This resin-inducing agent stimulates resin production in the tree. Among the substances used as organic acid from plant and fruits.These substances used depends on the species level and the size of the tree. This resin-inducing agent manages to be absorbed throughout the trees by xylem and also phloem to induce formation of resinous wood substance all over the trees including branches and also roots not only around the injury sites.
This technology can be used on young plantation grown trees about 3 - 8 years old to produce and distribute resinous wood substance in only 10 months to 3 years with the minimum of 3-10 kilos grade B and A per tree.
3) To make sure that good quality agarwood is produced, factors such as differences caused by seasonal variation, environmental variation, genetic aspects and size level of the trees play an important role.
It is important to conserve genetic resources as they constitute the platform for future domestification and also secure the evolutionary potential of species which is important for the long term adaptation of species. At the individual tree level, low genetic variations can lead to inbreeding depression, affecting growth, survival and adaptation. There will be low quality and also less production of resinous wood substance because of poorly Chronic Stress Allergic
It seems that agarwood formation is a response to wounding and that the tree starts to close the wound by callus formation, a reaction commonly found in most tree species. If this is not successful, a chemical barrier of resinous wood is formed.
By using the ASS method, the resin-inducing agent used will disturb the cellulose in the tree to produce anticell cellulose. It may kill live parencchyma cells around the wounded region of the xylem and produce the resin around affected areas as a tree defense reaction. So that the trees will continue growing and at the same time the resin forms over a much larger area, including the roots, branches and also trunks.
Large amount of sesquiterpenes have been isolated from resinous wood substance in the agarwood trees contains compounds such as benzylacetone, etane and other aromatic substance which is harmless to the tree.
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